The Arithmetic Optimization Algorithm (AOA): A Breakthrough in Metaheuristic Optimization

Introduction  In the ever-evolving world of artificial intelligence and also optimization, researchers have still been developing many algorithms inspired by both nature and mathematics. A single revolutionary algorithm is the Arithmetic Optimization Algorithm (AOA), unveiled in 2020 as a mathematical model-based optimization technique. Special from nature-inspired algorithms like Genetic Algorithm (GA), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), and Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO), AOA exists with a basis during arithmetic operations. These operations—Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication, and Division—explore and exploit the solution space efficiently. Since its initial invention, AOA has gained much attention due to its relative simplicity, fast convergence, and its effectiveness in solving various engineering, industrial, and also real-world optimization problems. It has been successfully applied in structural design, machine learning parameter tuning, in addition to financial forecasting.